Showing posts with label investing. Show all posts
Showing posts with label investing. Show all posts

Monday, April 21, 2008

Recession, recession, we told you so!

I've been reading recession predictions in the press and media for at least six months, together with the routine liquidity crisis commentaries and financial apocalypse scenarios (Side note: how many banks filed for bankruptcy in the US in 2007? Answer: 3). The one-month economists are always there to pound the medias in times of fear, always. They then quietly fade-out when the market unexplainable starts rising again. Oh well, we are in a bear rally is one of those sentences used by the last permabear standing. Well, this bear rally started 5 years ago and is now seeing a renewed batch of positive indicators: retails sales, production, technology and leading indicators were all up in March. Even real-estate is showing positive returns YTD.

Reality is, all recessions and major financial shocks occurred in times of economic euphorias and excess optimism. The major recessions starting in 1929 and 2000 developed in a climate of high speculative interest and widespread gains, in other words when demand was exhausted. Supply and demand, the basic mechanism regulating all markets, is still the most important indicator today if you believe in modern capitalism and the last 100 years of economic history. Other than that, nothing has changed in my view, except the ability of public financial authorities to regulate liquidity, thus affecting the currency markets. As per emerging economies, risk lowers, does not rises, when the economy expands by creating diversification.

I've been bullish on the economy for the last 5 years and I don't see signs of recession as of yet. My equity portfolios have been recovering the losses suffered during the liquidity crisis and I am looking to close another year with gains in excess of 10%. Money flows and sector trends (commodities in particular) have been very helpful in determining my model allocations, as I wrote in a January post.


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Thursday, April 3, 2008

Rydex alternative strategies fund (RYFOX)

Good article on allaboutalpha.com describing the new Rydex Alternative Strategies Allocation Fund (RYFOX). According to Rydex, the offering is aimed at retail investors in search for assets and strategies diversification:

The fund invests in a diversified portfolio of hedge funds and futures funds spanning the universe of absolute return, commodities, currency arbitrage, global macro, managed futures and real estate strategies, according to the firm.

But, allaboutalpha.com says, where is the limit between hedge fund "replication" and attempts to actually run a quant hedge fund?


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Thursday, March 6, 2008

Majestic Research

The trading strategies in the Demo account look for patterns based on information collected from standard K1 and Q1 filings and price/volume data. I always thought about developing a model based on an alternative data set and Majestic Research seems to offer that option. Their databases includes industry-specific historical data, such as "Yield per RPM" and "Passenger revenue estimates" for airline companies, and "Cancellation rates" and "Planned inventory trends" for homebuilders.


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Sunday, March 2, 2008

India IT salary growth

In a previous post I wrote about IT India off-shore costs rising and how the open source model offers a better alternative to infrastructures savings. Today I came across this article on Forbes putting some figures on Indian IT salary growth:

As the fight for talent intensified last year, salary hikes rose from
the previous year’s average of 14.4%, according to the study. In 2008,
compensation is expected to increase by an average of 15.2%, making it
the fifth consecutive year that salaries have risen in excess of 10%.


Real estate salaries grew by an average of 25.2%, compared with 17.6% in retail and 16.4% in banking and finance.

Clearly, the IT off-shoring model can not be sustained with these numbers in mind. A mixed software development model is emerging, where commercial code representing significant, core competitive advantage follows the classic copyrighted model, while larger parts of the development effort is released as open source for the benefit of higher quality service and lower infrastructure costs. Nothing new really under the sun: major innovators such as Apple, Google and Yahoo have followed this path for years now, with the introduction of operating systems and search engines based on open source code. Microsoft and Oracle are following: here and here.

New software players like Trolltech and MySQL have adopted a dual licensing model, where open source code can be either used in commercial applications for a fee, or else modifications to the original code must be released with the same open-source license.


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Tuesday, February 5, 2008

Simple equity market neutral fund

Mr. Hui out at the HSUTM blog has an interesting post on a simple market neutral portfolio:
  1. Buy the top large cap Growth and Value equity funds, as ranked by Morningstar
  2. The funds must be no-load mutual funds, have assets of at least a billion dollars and expense ratios less than 1%
  3. Short the S&P 500 Spyder (SPY) against the portfolio
  4. Re-balance the dollar amounts allocated to the funds monthly and re-balance the fund components annually
For the period from December 1998 to Janaury 2008 the synthetic equity
market neutral portfolio showed a very respectable annualized return of
6.4% (after fees) and a Sharpe ratio of 0.9.


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Thursday, January 31, 2008

Open source off-shoring

Following a post in Enypher blog, I came across imatix.com, the company behind OpenAMQ. OpenAMQ is an open source implementation of AMQ, a messaging middleware protocol designed for low latency, critical applications. JPMorgan contributed to the project from 2004 and migrated trading desks globally over the last 3 years. iMatix claims zero downtime since 2006.

The middleware open source offering is spreading its wings. We are now seeing a number of projects challenging commercial applications: I mentioned RedHat MRG in an earlier post, OpenMPI is the product of years of research in multi-core systems and parallelism, Hadoop is a data management and clustering solution sponsored by Google, Yahoo and HP. 0MQ is the last open source initiative for very low-latency middleware, backed by FastMQ and Intel.

This prompts for the question: How much money has been saved by financial corporations sponsoring open-source initiatives vs. structural off-shoring?

For the last 10 years (ever since I got involved in trading systems development) the refrain of every business manager was about IT development going to India. Entire IT departments were counting their days and Bangalore was going to become the new mecca of finance IT development. Starting with back-office systems and gradually moving to the middle-office and desk applications, the future of IT management was in off-shoring. Keyword: cost-cutting. Ah..., the commoditization of finance IT...

Today Bangalore is the Silicon Valley of India and --guess what-- production costs there have risen. At the same time we have seen a number of open source projects emerging as the de-facto standard in finance: in the 90s, X11 and Motif were the state-of-the-art for front-office GUIs; Linux is now used in critical server applications; Cygwin X Server offers a no-cost alternative to Exceed; SOAP, XML and HTML are open standards; Samba and SVN are the best tools I know for remote file access and source code management in terms of price/quality (hint: price = 0). Is MySQL next?

In my view, the fundamental error lies in seeing software development as an industrial process, rather than a creative intellectual effort. Not surprisingly, the IT and the Business units in most investment banks have been organized as two separate entities, with the latter framed mainly as a support center rather than core-business. Today the move that saw venerable technology institutions (HP, IBM, DEC, SUN...) supporting academic efforts in the past might spread to financial institutions supporting open-source projects. After all, it's all about cost-cutting.


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Bill Ackman Open Source Research

So now even Bill Ackman is embracing the open source model :) In this open letter to MBIA's and Ambac's state insurance regulators, the SEC and the Federal Reserve he states:

"Our primary goal is to initiate what we call “Open Source Research” where all market participants can have equal access to the primary source data and construct their own views of losses without reliance on the analytical judgment of rating agencies or the bond insurance industry. By focusing the discussion on a fundamental, data-driven approach, we expect that the dissemination of the Open Source Model will enable market participants and regulators to accurately estimate probable losses by relying on rigorous fundamental analysis of specific credit exposures, a departure from relying on the opaque, faith-based pronouncements that the bond insurance industry has promulgated to the marketplace."

Bill Ackman runs Pershing Square Capital Management, a hedge fund returning 22% in 2007 betting on the demise of MBIA and Ambac Financial.


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Friday, January 18, 2008

2008 Demo Portfolio

The 2008 Demo Portfolio lists all the real trades executed in one of my brokerage accounts net of commissions costs and YTD P/L. I generally update the spreadsheet on the same day orders were executed.

The first page of the spreadsheet shows the portfolio YTD P/L and the return for a benchmark I built based on a set of equity indexes. The portfolio includes 4 long and 1 short model rebalanced weekly, with each long model trading 5 stocks, for a total of 20 securities on the long side. The short model triggers a limited number of trades and is composed of around 8 stocks on average. Currently the funds allocation is 120% NAV long and 25% short, but I might change the allocation in the future according to market valuation.

All the models have been backtested on more than 8 years of data and include a post-discovery analysis period of 1/2 years. Each model universe is built based on a set of liquidity, fundamentals and price filters and the final candidates are selected applying a ranking system based on fundamental data. Tools that I use consist of a combination of freely resources available online, such as keelix.com and backtester.org, and commercial tools like portfolio123.com and MathLab. The data used by keelix.com is based on AAII weekly downloads, which consist of a revisited version of Reuters data (previously Mutex). Reuters is also the main data source for portfolio123.com. backtester.org use data published by ValueLine.

HFCF (High Free Cash Flow) and NH (New Highs)
Both HFCF and NH are long momentum screens looking for stocks with good fundamental ratios and close to their 52-weeks highs. They are in facts very similar: HFCF has more stringent value rules selecting stocks with higher free cash flow then their industry peers; NH requires a positive 3 months and 6 months uptrend.

PCF (Price/Cash Flow)
This model can be described as a value mean reversion strategy looking for stocks with high operating cash flow and low debt and disregarding recent price action, thus in general favoring oversold stocks. I introduced the strategy in real trading in October 2007 after I had around 10 years of simulation available. So far it has been a disappointment but the entry time was bad given the recent market performances. I'll have to trust simulation data on this.

LKS (Less Known Stocks)
A large winner in 2007, this model seeks to anticipate large institutional moves in low-liquidity stocks, providing good factors diversification to the portfolio. I got the original idea by looking at the Reuters PowerInvestor screens (it still carries the same name) and then added some other insider trading and price/volume data rules.

SHORT
This is by far the most complex model in terms of number of factors employed in the final ranking system. It was backtested for a period including 2003, a difficult time for short strategies. The model requires stocks with poor fundamentals and avoids short-term oversolds, thus limiting the selection to only a few names every month.

I am currently working on a number of new models to improve portfolio diversification. In particular I would like to add a Commodity and a Healtcare model to the set.


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6 Months Asset Class Monitor Updated

I added Global Bonds, Emerging Market Bonds and a Managed Futures fund (RYMFX) to the 6 months momentum monitor. I will keep the monitor updated as I intend to change my portfolio models accordingly.











ETF18-Jun-200718-Jan-20086-Months
Alt. ETF


















CommoditiesGSG$43.03$51.1018.75%
DBC, GSP

Global BondsBND$71.87$78.328.97%
AGG

Managed FuturesRYMFX$25.56$27.055.83%


Emerging Mkt BondsESD$17.05$18.045.81%


Emerging MarketsEEM$130.86$132.331.12%
GMM, VWO

Large-Cap GrowthJKE$70.10$64.02-8.67%


World MarketsEFA$79.22$71.30-10.00%


Mid-Cap GrowthIWP$115.66$99.92-13.61%


Small-Cap GrowthIJT$143.23$121.86-14.92%


Large-Cap ValueJKF$88.93$73.62-17.22%


Mid-Cap ValueIWS$159.84$126.37-20.94%


Micro-CapIWC$61.49$47.60-22.59%


Small-Cap ValueIJS$80.95$62.08-23.31%


Real EstateIYR$80.06$59.48-25.71%
RWX




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